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William Lutley Sclater (23 September 1863 – 4 July 1944〔) was a British zoologist and museum director. He was the son of Philip Lutley Sclater, and was named after his paternal grandfather, also William Lutley Sclater. William's mother Jane Anne Eliza was the daughter of Sir David Hunter-Blair and a sister-in-law of Sir Walter Elliot the Indian naturalist.〔 Sclater received his Master of Arts degree in Natural Science from Keble College at Oxford in 1885. He worked for two years as a Demonstrator at Cambridge under Professor Adam Sedgwick and went on a collecting trip to British Guiana in 1886 and published about birds in the Ibis in 1887. In the same year he received an appointment as a deputy superintendent of the Indian Museum in Calcutta from 1887 until 1891, when he joined the science faculty of Eton College. It was at Eton that he met his future wife, Charlotte Mellen Stephenson, an American divorcée whose two sons attended the school. The couple were married at St. George's Cathedral in London on 1 February 1896 at St. George, shortly after which they moved to Cape Town, South Africa. Here, Sclater took up the position of curator at the South African Museum, whose collections he reorganised and moved into a new facility. During his time in South Africa, he continued his scientific writings, including completion of the work ''Flora and Fauna of South Africa''. He also completed the four-volume series ''The Birds of South Africa'', begun by Dr Arthur Stark; the five-volume ''Birds of Africa'', begun by Captain George Shelley; and ''The Birds of Kenya Colony and the Uganda Protectorate'', begun by Sir Frederick John Jackson. In 1906, following a dispute with the Museum's board of trustees, Sclater resigned as curator. He traveled with his wife through Mombasa, Lake Victoria, Khartoum and Cairo before returning to England. He then moved to Colorado Springs, Colorado, which had been founded by Charlotte's brother-in-law, General William Jackson Palmer.〔 Palmer offered Sclater a small estate outside the city and a professorship at Colorado College. Here he helped in reorganizing the museum.〔 When the general died in 1909, the couple returned to England, where Sclater became curator of the Bird Room at the Natural History Museum. He worked there until his death in 1944. In 1912, Sclater published ''A History of the Birds of Colorado'' in two volumes. During the Great War, he volunteered for the Soldiers' and Sailors' Families Association. Both his stepsons were killed in action during the war. Sclater was editor of ''Ibis'' from 1913 to 1930, editor of the Zoological Record from 1921 to 1937, president of the British Ornithologists' Union from 1928 to 1933, and secretary of the Royal Geographical Society from 1931 to 1943. In 1919 and 1920, he and his wife traveled around the globe. In 1930 he was awarded the Godman-Salvin Gold Medal.〔 In 1942, Charlotte died of injuries sustained during the bombing of London. Two years later, William Sclater died at St. George's Hospital, two days after a V-1 flying bomb fell over his home at 10 Sloane Court in London on Sunday, 2 July, 1944. Known mainly for his work with birds, Sclater also described several new species of amphibians and reptiles.〔"Sclater". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.〕〔"Sclater". Amphibian Species of the World 6.0, an Online Reference. American Museum of Natural History. research.amnh.org./vz/herpetology/amphibia.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Lutley Sclater」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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